Teaching and Education Philosophy Example For Students

Instructing and Education Philosophy My way of thinking is that an instructor is the most important asset our nation has. Of the considerable number of occupations or vocations in this world none of them would be conceivable without educators. There are two central matters to my way of thinking, why instructors are significant and what teachers' identity is. Ideally perusing my way of thinking will give you a superior comprehension of the significance of instructors in this world. Instructors are significant in our general public since we need them to furnish our childhood with the information and social encounters they should improve their future and the eventual fate of the whole planet. As an educator I want to be capable impact numerous lives and help understudies comprehend what training can accomplish for them and their future. I can review just a single educator from secondary school who really discussed school and what we would need to never really more ready for school. Dr. Lawrence was my eleventh grade science educator. He had been a school teacher at George Mason University for around 30 years before he chose to instruct at my school. He brought a school like environment into our homeroom, which helped us, plan for the manner in which things would be in school. This is only a little case of what instructors are for, to teach understudies on something other than books or scholastics however on life. Instructors are something beyond individuals who h and-off data about a specific subject. What teachers' identity is, they are anybody and everybody. Instructors are grandmas, fathers, siblings, and sisters. For anything to be educated it must be instructed. I recall commonly my mother and father sitting me down to discuss a few circumstances that may come to fruition and revealing to me approaches to manage them. Study hall educators particularly in the early years are the individuals that those understudies will see most over the span of the day and will take in social abilities and estates from. I feel that educators are good examples climate they need to be or not, it accompanies the activity. I have clarified my way of thinking and why I feel that instructors are the most notable individuals in our general public, and what teachers' identity is. I trust that perhaps my way of thinking has helped you comprehend the significance of educators and possibly you can show somebody, in all probability you as of now have.

Araby By James Joyce And A Sun :: essays research papers

â€Å"Araby" by James Joyce and "A Sunrise On The Veld" by Doris Lessing are both short stories in which the heroes increased a cognizance that was past themselves. The principle characters are both started into new real factors and certainties of which they were not beforehand mindful. Both short stories will be analyzed with reflections as per the sort of inception that was encountered, the nature of the storytellers, the comparative and disparate parts of the two characters and different segments of the short stories. In the two stories, the two characters were encountering a commencement or familiarity with new facts that were outside of themselves. The principle characters both agonizingly discovered that this inception was outside their ability to control. It was unthinkable for them to overlook the new real factors which the two of them came to comprehend. The newly discovered mindfulness was amazing to such an extent that it changed each boyâ€℠¢s whole viewpoint and the two of them started to see the world through new eyes. The sort of inception the two characters had was a troubling excursion from guiltlessness to information and experience. The two storytellers had various mentalities and responses to the commencement experience. In Araby, the peruser learns of the boy’s commencement in the last sentence: "Gazing up into the dimness I considered myself to be an animal driven and disparaged by vanity; andmy eyes ignited with anguish and anger." The character had a negative response to his new mindfulness. His acknowledgment made him have sentiments of disgrace, anguish and outrage. He was had and constrained by his enthusiasm for Mangan’s more seasoned sister. His beliefs of the young lady were not practical but rather were purposeless and vain. The young lady drew out emotions in him and he found that sentiments must be responded and the drawback that affection can likewise be agonizing. Heh promotion a troublesome time tolerating his own shortcoming. He was in trouble since he had halted for a second and looked up into the haziness and understood that his past emotions were magnificent however the main reality existed in his sentiments. It had no presence past how he felt and the comprehension of this was difficult for the character. The hero of â€Å"A Sunrise On The Veld† was more tolerating towards his experience of commencement than that of the character in Araby. The boy’s demeanor was emotionless: "...this is the means by which life goes one, by living things kicking the bucket in anguish." His sentiments were of acknowledgment.

Ultimate Guide To Stakeholder Management

Ultimate Guide To Stakeholder Management When asked to name the key players in a business or industry, we often hear the word “stakeholders”, and how integral they are in the grand scheme of things. However, we rarely look past the word and learn more about them, or the concept behind them. They are most often identified as business owners, partners, stockholders, investors, customers, or collaborators. But there is a more apt term for them, and for how businesses should manage their relationship with them. © Shutterstock.com | dizainIn this guide we 1) clarify the stakeholder concept and 2) provide an introduction to stakeholder management.THE STAKEHOLDER CONCEPTGaining an understanding of the stakeholder concept requires defining some of the key terms used.Stakeholders are the individuals, groups or entities that have their own sets of interests, expectations and demands from a business, and even shares in a business undertaking. If something within a business changes, they are the ones directly or indirectly affected. The interests, demands or shares refer to the stakes owned by the stakeholders. Stake can be further categorized into interest, right, or ownership.Identifying the Business StakeholdersIn any business environment, there are two general categories for stakeholders:Primary stakeholders  are composed of stakeholders with direct involvement or stake in the organization. They are directly interested in, or are directly affected by, the progress of the business operations. I n short, they will directly benefit from the success of the business (and suffer from its losses). Those who fall under this category are:Employees, or unions of employees, including team leadersOwners, shareholders and investorsManagement, including the executives and line managersLenders, including banksSecondary stakeholders  are groups or individuals that have a special interest or a public stake in the business. They include:Consumers / customers, or the end users of the business’ products and/or servicesPartners, or other collaborators such as suppliers and distributorsGovernment, or other regulatory bodiesThe general public or the community, including civic, environmental and social groupsThe classification of primary and secondary stakeholders will be dependent on the business, its nature, and how it conducts its business. Some organizations may consider customers as their primary stakeholders, while others deem them to be secondary.We can also classify business stakeholde rs depending on their roles in the business environment.Core stakeholders. These are the stakeholders who play a vital role in the survival of the business.Strategic stakeholders. Businesses continuously face threats and are presented with opportunities during the course of its life. These stakeholders play major roles in addressing these threats and identifying and taking advantage of the opportunities.Environmental stakeholders. All other stakeholders who do not fall under Core and Strategic classifications, but exist in the business environment of the organization, are lumped into this category.The Stakeholder ViewsThe traditional view on stakeholder management is that the shareholders are the “only stakeholders who matter”. Therefore, the business should make profit in order for the shareholders to take their share in the profit of the business.But that is no longer a conclusive view, as more stakeholders have been gaining recognition and established themselves to be just as important. In fact, customers are said by many business experts to be one of the most important and powerful stakeholders. This is in recognition of the fact that the long-term value of a business can be cultivated and nurtured if you start by keeping your customers satisfied.The three views of stakeholders are:Strategic view. Management is primarily concerned with leading the company to earn profits, which will then be given back to the shareholders. There are many factors at play in management’s plans and actions in increasing the business’ revenue generation. In the strategic approach, the stakeholders are deemed one of those factors having great influence over the profit-generation aspect of the business.Multi-Fiduciary view. In this approach, management is considered to have a fiduciary responsibility to stakeholders of the business. Meaning, the business, through its managers, will take care of the money, assets, or the stakes of the stakeholders, who are leaving them in the former’s hands out of trust.Synthesis view. Management recognizes the role and importance of stakeholders, but they do not have a fiduciary responsibility to them. Rather, their responsibility to the stakeholders is more of an ethical one.STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENTStakeholder management is sometimes overlooked, with managers becoming largely unaware of what the company can achieve when it is effectively administered.It builds robust and solid relationships between the business and its stakeholders. Stakeholders are likely to remain loyal to a business that they know is looking out for them. Trust is a vital ingredient for any relationship to work â€" and last â€" and stakeholder management is a great tool for building and fortifying that trust.It improves the organization’s good reputation. Naturally, potential stakeholders will be drawn towards businesses with excellent stakeholder management.It contributes to the overall growth and development of the business. By maintaining v ery good relationships with stakeholders, you are ensuring the business’ longevity. More groups of stakeholders would definitely want to work with your business, and help it succeed.In stakeholder management, there are five core questions that must be answered.The identity of the stakeholders. Stakeholders are important because, without them, the business will not be able to operate. Businesses need the consent and support of the community and the public, as well as various regulatory agencies, in order to start operating and continue to do so. They also require the support of investors and lenders to get the financing they need. Employees are also required for the manpower and human resources of the company. Of course, the customers cannot be left out, because it is them who will pay for the business’ products and services. Basically, the entire existence of the business is reliant on stakeholders. You can start with identifying large and generic groups, and then sub-divide the m into more specific groupings or units. For example, in the Employees group, you can further divide them according to age group, gender, or specialization within the business.The stakes of the stakeholders. What are their stakes? How powerful have they become because of these stakes? Are the stakes valid or legitimate? Identifying the stakes will also tell you a lot what these stakeholders want from the company. This will enable management to identify those that have greater stakes than others, so they can prioritize. All stakeholders are important, but there is also a need to identify those who are most important, and knowing what their stakes are is very useful. In the long run, the business will also be in a better position to balance stakeholder interests.The challenges and opportunities presented by the stakeholders. What are the opportunities that can potentially improve the relationships of the business and the stakeholders? On the other hand, what issues and challenges ofte n crop up with respect to these relationships? This is also where you will identify the urgency or timing that will be needed for communicating with them, because communication is key towards maintaining a good relationship with stakeholders.The organization’s economic, ethical, legal, environmental and philanthropic responsibilities and accountabilities. What is expected of these stakeholders in the mentioned aspects?The strategies and actions to be performed. By getting the previous questions answered, management can come up with an action plan geared towards managing the challenges and opportunities presented by the stakeholders and their stakes.Principles of Stakeholder ManagementLet us take a look at the “Clarkson Principles”, or the seven principles that managers should adhere to in their stakeholder management approaches.Acknowledge and monitor. Managers should first identify the legitimate stakeholders and what their respective stakes are. Then they should acknowledge the fact that stakeholders are major players in the business and should therefore be factored into the decision-making process involving all aspects of the business, including its operations. Continuously monitoring the concerns of the stakeholders is already a form of acknowledgement.Listen and communicate. The best way to find out the concerns of your stakeholders is to listen and communicate with them directly. The message must be conveyed clearly so it is also understood and will trigger the desired response. By maintaining open lines of communication, you will be kept up to speed on the concerns as well as contributions of the stakeholders. They are also bound to inform you of the risks that come with their stakes in the business, and this will, in turn, figure directly or indirectly into the management’s decision-making processes. Communication should also be done in an integrated manner. It is a fact that there are different ways to communicate, so you should do so dependin g on who you are communicating with. Employees, for instance, react better when communication is done on a face-to-face basis, as frequently as possible. Regulatory agencies that the business has reportorial responsibilities to will only be communicated to on predetermined times. Investors, on the other hand, are communicated to depending on standards or guidelines.Adopt. Accept the fact that stakeholders are not the same. How you deal with one group may not give the same results when applied to other groups. An approach that works with employees, for example, does not necessarily mean it will work with the consumers, and vice versa. Therefore, there is a need for the business to assess the appropriate modes of behavior for each stakeholder group and adopt them accordingly.Recognize interdependence. Stakeholders vary depending on their stakes. Some take more risks than others with their stake in your business. There are stakeholders who put more effort into the business than other s takeholders, even if they have the same ownership share. It is now up to the management to try to figure out a way to distribute the benefits and rewards in a fair manner, taking into consideration the interdependence of efforts, results, risks, rewards, and vulnerabilities.Work and cooperate. Business comes with inherent risks, or risks that cannot be entirely avoided. It is just a matter of minimizing those risks and lessening the negative impact. Managers are expected to cooperate and work together with other groups and entities in order to minimize these risks.Avoid questionable activities. All acts associated with the business will, in one way or another, affect the stakeholders. Illegal acts, crimes, and other activities that could bring harm to others or could result to business, property, and life and limb being put in danger must be avoided at all costs by management.Acknowledge conflicts. Almost always, you can expect conflicts to arise with the managers. After all, they, too, are stakeholders of the business. They are bound to come across issues that will make them conflicted between their position as stakeholders and that of the other stakeholders of the business. The first thing they should do is to acknowledge that these conflicts do exist, and they may potentially arise in the course of running the business. By acknowledging it, they will be in a better position to put into place measures that will lessen the negative impact of these conflicts of interest. Perhaps they could set up better communication lines with the other stakeholders and other control and review protocols to maintain transparency and protect the interest and stakes of everyone concerned. They will be better able to compromise, since they are fully cognizant of how divergent some stakeholders’ (including them) priorities are.Four phases of Stakeholder ManagementThe principles discussed can be compressed into four phases:Phase 1: Stakeholder MappingThis is basically the identi fication of stakeholders, in accordance with the strategy and overall goals of the organization. Categorize them either as primary or secondary stakeholders.The most recommended basis of segmenting your stakeholders would be on their power, or the level of their ability to have an impact on your business or organization. Between your shareholders and employee union leaders, for example, the one that has more power would be your shareholders.The identification of stakeholders should not be limited to the existing stakeholders. Managers who are looking far ahead are also going to identify the potential stakeholders.Phase 2: Stakeholder ListeningThe best way to gain insight into your stakeholders is by listening to what they have to say. They are bound to have questions of their own, which you must address. Aside from formal and informal modes of communications, this can also be done through environmental scanning, research and monitoring. Some businesses even undertake this stage by c onducting surveys and interviews.Managers are encouraged to ask questions. It is a fact that not all information is going to be handed to them readily. If they want to know something useful or relevant, there is nothing wrong with asking the questions outright. When listening to the stakeholders, they should also show empathy. Stakeholders prefer knowing that they are dealing with humans, instead of machines.After collecting all relevant information on the issues and position of the stakeholders, analysis will follow.Phase 3: Stakeholder ProfilingThe information acquired from Stakeholder Listening will then be used to profile the stakeholders, and start identifying or coming up with strategies. Note that managers will have to make decisions and formulate strategies while always taking into account how these will impact the stakeholders and their stakes in the business.It is the responsibility of management to develop a management strategy for its stakeholders. In addition, they are also tasked to develop the appropriate responses and actions that are needed to build support for their stakeholder management strategy.Managers could come up with the following stakeholder profiles:High power, high interestHigh power, low interestLow power, high interestLow power, low interestPhase 4: Stakeholder EngagementAgain, as mentioned earlier, a company cannot have a single communication program for all the stakeholders. Each stakeholder group has to have its own communication program or tool, since there are simply aspects of one program that will work for one but not for others. Stakeholder engagement is a two-way process, so it is something that takes place between the business and the stakeholders. It’s not just the business taking active part in the engagement activities.Stakeholder engagement will also vary depending on the stakeholder. For example, in the four profiled groups, managers are likely to decide to keep closer tabs on the stakeholders with high power and high interest, providing them with periodic updates through logs and emails, and conducting regular status meetings with them. As for those with low power and low interest, they would probably just monitor them, and sending status reports from time to time.Stakeholder management may fall largely on the shoulders of the management. However, it involves the organization as a whole. Therefore, develop and implement strategies using a coordinated organization-wide approach.

New Technology And Its Effects On The World - 1834 Words

Times are changing and the world is evolving. New technology and medications are constantly emerging and because of this it is no wonder that today people live an average of six years longer than they did in 1990 (Life Expectancy). With the life expectancy continually increasing, there are more and more elderly drivers on the roads. In fact, the total annual miles older drivers traveled climbed twenty nine percent from 1995 to 2001 (â€Å"Should elderly†) and that number is probably even greater now. This can cause a huge problem not only for the elderly drivers themselves, but for other people on the road too. As the body ages, reaction rate, hearing, and vision naturally decline which makes an aging driver much more susceptible to driving accidents and fatalities. Senior citizens should not be denied the right to drive, but they should be required to retake driving tests when they renew their license. This will confirm that they are mentally capable of operating a ca r and will assure more safety for all drivers on the road. In attempts to aid senior drivers even more, measures should also be put in place to make the roads easier for them to navigate. It is no secret that as people age their bodies start to slow down. Even though these changes are natural and extremely common, it does not mean they should be ignored, especially when it comes to driving. Vision, reaction rate, and hearing are three major concerns for elderly drivers. In the United States alone moreShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects of Technology in Brave New World2663 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"Brave New World† Essay Technology has been used negatively in Brave New World to create a future where individuals are incapable of producing or affecting change. Discuss this statement and show HOW Huxley has demonstrated this idea to his readers. Aldous Huxley’s â€Å"Brave New World† explores the extreme impact of science and technology on an unreal world. The novel fits the science-fiction genre as a dystopia to the reader. Huxley wrote the novel in1932 and presented his thoughtsRead More Negative Effects of Technology Depicted in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1100 Words   |  5 PagesNegative Effects of Technology Depicted in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Imagine a life where the technology is so great that no one ever has to be worried about being sad or bothered by all the day to day stress. In Brave New World published in 1932, Aldous Huxley brings the reader into the future of London to see just what technology can do to a society. As the novel opens, the reader learns about how the futuristic London is a Utopia, what life is like, and all about the great technologicalRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On The World Of Technology, News And Material Travel At A Supersonic Speed909 Words   |  4 PagesWes Williams Mr. Bellissimo ENG-4UI-01 4 November 2015 Desensitizing Society In today’s fast paced world of technology, news and material travel at a supersonic speed. Subjects are then conversed, deliberated as well as disputed feverishly on the virtual landscape: giving way to argument and counter argument, thus leaving no stone unturned. Social media has undeniably played an operative role in sanctioning the common age. Unfortunately though, there is also a flip side. Social media has become aRead MoreEffects of Technology Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 091-040 4 December 2012 Effects of Technology in our world I. Introduction: State your plan for the Introduction paragraph * Changes in technology over the years * Why we depend on technology so much * How much we rely on technology Thesis statement: In today’s world, as technology is advancing around us, some of the major effects that can be seen are medical technology advances, ease of communication with the growing technology, and the negative effects on our body. II. BodyRead MoreInvention Is the Mother of Necessities1649 Words   |  7 Pagesis it witty? What is the original saying? You need wit to think about technology, for wit demands creative thinking. And once you start thinking creatively, you start to see the effect of technology on us all. The usual saying is, Necessity is the mother of invention. That makes sense: right now, for example, the world may be running out of oil, and as a result, the necessity of finding a new energy supply will lead to new inventions. Hence the necessity (need for energy) is the mother of inventionRead MoreTechnology And Medicine : Promise And Peril974 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology in Medicine: Promise and Peril Saint Augustine once said, â€Å"What does love look like? It has the hands to help others. It has the feet to hasten to the poor and needy. It has eyes to see misery and want. It has the ears to hear the sighs and sorrows of men. That is what love looks like.† The profession of medicine can be traced back to the 5th century BCE this signifies how important the relationship between a patient and the doctor is. The fact that this profession until now stands outRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society1343 Words   |  6 Pagesover ten thousand years ago to what is now the Information Age, technology has grown significantly and affected not just one individual, but the whole world. The creations of technology have rapidly evolved to where humans depend on technology. They use it for their daily needs and this evidence shows these creations are a stepping-stone for future endeavours. The innovations that several people have created revolutionised the world in a major way fro m a light bulb and crossbows to an airplane andRead MoreGlobalization And Its Effect On Society1240 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization and the use of new technologies and how it strengthens or weakens global inequalities Globalization is a very important force in the new world and it continues to impact the lives of individuals as well as groups world over. The role and affect of globalization has broadened over time. It has resulted in the lessening of trade barriers, integration of the economy of the world, increase in opportunities for groups and individuals alike and an increase in the economic well being andRead MoreTechnology s Effect On Society971 Words   |  4 PagesAs People Rely More And More On Technology To Solve Problems, The Ability Of Humans To Think For Themselves Will Surely Deteriorate Technology has always changed world’s face and in one view makes the life easier for humans. In these few decades, technology has a lot of progress and now more than before people live in an electronic jungle. The human’s nature is a powerful engine for people to look for more shortcuts in the life. As the society depends on technology more and more to find an answerRead MoreThe Harmful Effects Of Overusing Technology1546 Words   |  7 PagesThe Harmful Effects of Overusing Technology The discovery of technology has had plenty of so called positive effects on us Americans. Due to new technology based inventions, coming out every other day. We Americans are able to get places every day without much physical movement. We talk to each other without getting out of a chair or picking up a pencil, do our jobs quicker; easer; or with less people to deal with, create ways to carry our money and personal information without dealing with paper

SWOT Analysis Mc Donald’s India Essay - 1322 Words

SWOT Analysis: Mc Donald’s India SWOT Analysis: A SWOT analysis is commonly used in marketing and business in general as a method of identifying opposition for a new venture or strategy. Short for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats that may affect any new proposed actions. Here we represent our proposed venture’s SWOT analysis report. STRENGTHS: †¢ Good Taste: The fast food chain is operating in many diverse cultures where tastes in food are extremely different than those of US or Indian consumers. Thus ability to adapt to local taste is one of McDonald’s strengths. †¢ Brand Equity: McDonalds has built up huge brand equity. It is the no 1 fast food company in India these days by sales McDonalds India is a leader in the food†¦show more content†¦Such menu offering prompts Mc Donald’s menu has been protest by many organisations that fight obesity and hence decreases Mc Donald’s popularity. OPPORTUNITIES: †¢ Increase Outlets: In terms of total sales Mc Donald’s is the world’s largest FB outlet. Mc Donald’s is also the second largest outlet operator with more than 33,000 restaurants in 118 countries serving more than 67 million customers each day. †¢ Urban India increased its Income: The foreign operations are the reason of most of the business income. The profits from India that are sent back to United States have to be converted into dollars and may differ by the current or often exchange rates, especially when the value of dollar is appreciating against Indian Rupees. In 2012, Appreciating dollar largely affected Mc Donald’s total profit in India. †¢ Food habits shifted to more fast food likings: Changing customer habits represent new needs and direction of needs that must be met by businesses. So far, the type of food restaurants used earlier has been changed as per customer’s wants which is highly affected by Mc Donald’s range of food items as well as the company has been successful in introducing its restaurants to meet the changing customer habits and the needs of previously untapped customer group. THREATS: †¢ Healthy eating habits: Now a day’s big NGO’s, medical organisations and Government tends Indian population to eat healthy rather thanShow MoreRelatedPizza Hut Swot Analysis1670 Words   |  7 Pages------------------------------------------------- Submitted To. Adrian Grose-Hodge ------------------------------------------------- Course Title. English Pre-Sessional Summer Course, 2010 ------------------------------------------------- Title. BACKGROUND HISTORY AND SWOT ANALYSIS OF PIZZA HUT Read MoreStarbucks Cafe : Part 2 Essay2605 Words   |  11 Pagesbuilding giving choices to the people according to their preferences. 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Previously Starbucks has gained wide success in China and Japan due to high consumptionRead MoreMarketing Strategies of Mcdonalds3677 Words   |  15 Pages.......................................................................2 McDonald’: Behind The Golden Arches Business Model.....................................................................................................3 McDonald’s in India.............................................................................................4 Challenges in Entering Indian Markets............................................................4 Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning...........Read MoreKfc Market Analysis6781 Words   |  28 Pagesresponsible for robust growth. Some of the unique properties of fast food like quick served, cost advantage, etc are making it highly popular among the masses. Thus, India offers enormous opportunities for both domestic as well as international players. 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The resources, quality product, good management team, and stable political situation are crucial in Nepal. In order to open the wholly owned or any kind of other market, it would be the challenging opportunity for KFCRead MoreBrand Equity to Customer Loyalty4578 Words   |  19 Pagesrepresent; prospect, customer, client advocate. (See Figure 2.0).The idea of the romance being that a customer would remain on the top rung of the ladder for longer if the relationship was on a deeper level. 2.0 Abercrombie Fitch Aaker and Mc Laughlin (2007) highlight the sources of brand equity (See Figure 3.0); brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality brand loyalty. Brand awareness relates to the presence of the brand in the mind of the customer. Brands with high visibilityRead Morebrm repot5904 Words   |  24 Pagesmarkets where it expects profitable growth. This strategy has paid dividends. The company has successfully applied it’s approach to brands in several key markets, including Ciel in Mexico, Mori No Mizudayori in Japan, Bonaqua in Russia and Kinley in India. Backed by a strong network of bottling partners through out the United States. Three of the water brands, Dasani, Ciel and Bonaqua each achieved sales of over 100 million unit cases for the year. In 2008 and 2009, the company has also made good

Aaaaaaaaaaaa Free Essays

string(117) " variables related issues such as the creation of p\(t=O\) and h , and the protocol of starting/stopping Force pa 2\." This note presents the mechanical design of the system in question and more experimental findings which support the assumption of the novel model constructed there. Moreover, this note contains first conclusions and preliminary discussions. A system composed of a metallic cylinder filled with pressured air (up to 5 ATM), and a rubber, square sectioned ring, as a seal was Investigated theoretically and experimentally. We will write a custom essay sample on Aaaaaaaaaaaa or any similar topic only for you Order Now Under a certain pressure difference (Internal minus atmosphere pressure – p) and external sealing force, the rubber seal is compressed (h) and should prevent air leakage. However, experiments show a continuous, nonlinear decrease in p(t) as a function of time. A few classical (macro) thermodynamic models for predicting p(t), via considering air flow through cracks, have been suggested before, based on [1] but they have failed to describe the profile in question due to the coupled constitutive properties of rubber and a construction that allow the creation of micro-scale â€Å"tunnels† in the rubber-lid interface, through which the air can pass. A novel heuristic model, which assumes a symmetry preserving analogy between the micro-scale air tunnels and the rubber polymer strands is proposed. Thus, polymer equations based on statistical thermodynamics are applied on the alarm streamlines. Using this model, there are four unset parameters whose values are being determined by the experimental profiles, similar to the semi-phenomenological rubber model of Mooney-Rivaling. An excellent correspondence between the model and physical essence of the phenomenon. Many standard trendiest have been tried and failed to describe p(t) accurately, including 3rd order polynomial which has also four parameters. Key-words: – Sealing, Pressure drop, Air leakage, Air-polymer analogy, Polyp-Air, Micro-Macro, Language. Ascribing air flow through cracks are available in [2], [3], but those have to be adjusted to describe air flow through rubber-metal interface. In the following note we will describe the experiment set mechanical design and the final system configuration itself. Moreover, we will mention some results regarding the experiment. 1 Introduction An air pressure vessel (up to ATM) is composed of a metallic cylinder and a cover, and sealed with a rubber, square sectioned ring, as seen in Fig. L . Under a certain pressure difference (internal minus atmosphere pressure – p) and external sealing force, he rubber seal is compressed (h) and should prevent air leakage. However, experiments show a continuous, nonlinear decrease in p as a function of time for small values of h (up to of the initial vertical dimension – ho). A few classical (macro) thermodynamic models for predicting p(t), by describing air flow through cracks (of heat regenerator for example) , have been previously suggested but they have failed to accurately describe the profile in the following specific setup due to the coupled constitutive property of rubber and a construction that allows the creation of micro-scale â€Å"tunnels† in the rubber-lid interface, through which the air can pass. A few more mathematical and physical models of 2 Experiment Setup 2. Introduction and Targets Consider the axis-symmetric setup where the inner pressure is set to a constant value, which is different from the atmospheric pressure (fig. 1). The â€Å"Force† preventing from the piston to pop up and also causes the rubber seal (black) to be subjected to unsocial compression. Thus, the vertical length – originally ho – decreases to a controlled value h. Once deformed enough, the seal prevents leakage of air from the inside. Note that thanks to the upper airway the outer surface of the seal is subjected to the time measure. . 2. 1 Variables and their measuring methods p – with a computerized pressure gage installed as part of the cylinder.. Ho (free vertical dimension of the rubber sample) – with a micrometer h (current vertical dimension of a rubber sample) – using LIVED that track the displacement of the piston from its free force position. T (time)- by the computer clock. T (the temperature of the gasket or air) – with a thermocouple installed as a part of the cylinder. Only for additional data collecting proposes, not a controlled variable. The main target is to investigate the pressure vs.. Time p(t) profile. The seal’s function, is to preserve the pressure difference p=P-Pa between the two gasket sides. We’d like to observe how the magnitude of the initial pressure difference and the controlled deformation influence on the profile. The mechanism of air leakage through the seal is yet to be determined but when diffusion is neglected one can presume that the air flows through the rebuttal interface. Our initial assumption is that air flows through narrow cracks-like interracial passages. The assumption about the diffusion arises from mineral notion about the characteristic time of gas diffusion through rubber in various applications, which is much larger than these experiments periods (about 1000 seconds). For example, based on [4], the pressure drop in 1000 seconds via diffusion in an UN-defected aircraft tire having similar pressure difference is 0. 06% at most. There is extensive work on air flow through material cracks. 2. 2. 2 Important Technical Aspects See details in fig. 2 for the following considerations. Deformation needs to be assured. The force is actuated via a fine screw, enables measuring the vertical displacement with a LIVED and control he value to it with satisfying precision (10 microns). The purpose of the center ball is to transfer the pure vertical movement without rotational movement and torsion. Seal eccentricity: the experiment should be designed to assure closing force as uniform as possible, although it’ll never be ideal, so it’ll be wise to try centering the seal and avoid creating preferable air flow sites due to lack of symmetry in the compression field. In the following setup â€Å"hand tolerance† is satisfying. Starting the â€Å"stopwatch† (time measure): practically, the seal is influenced by the way the pressure and deformation are reached. To overcome this problem, the experiment should be done in a way assuring results independent from the initialization. Experiment was stopped when pressure changes are very small. 2. 2 Course of Experiment Preliminary experiments showed a continuous air flow and pressure drop all along the experiment. The general p(t) profile exhibited â€Å"exponential decay† type of behavior. We shall now briefly describe the experiment variables related issues such as the creation of p(t=O) and h , and the protocol of starting/stopping Force pa 2. You read "Aaaaaaaaaaaa" in category "Papers" 2. 3 The Experiment We measure p as a function of time, and determine owe p(t=O)= pop and h influence this profile. Observe fig. 2 for the actual setup. The first step is deforming the seal. Than, opening the main valve ( not in fig. 2), connected to the supply line, and building the pressure to a desired, stable value (waiting for stabilization is crucial). The secondary valve was then closed and p(t) was than monitored. Figure 1 – Schematic section of the experiment setup. The compressed air is colored with blue. -2- Screw ones on the surface) move finely due to compression and each strand remain attached to its original Junctions. The Junctions are getting closer ND dense and so are the strands in the bulk of the rubber gasket, which were dense enough already to prevent air flow. However, the surface isn’t a mosaic of Junctions but more of a blend of Junctions and loose strands – strands connected only to one junction. Had the surface was a lattice of Junctions, the contact mechanic would have been similar to metal-on-metal mechanics. But this is not the case. Due to those loose strands, the surface only embedded with Junctions and between them – an entanglement of loose stands, rolled and smeared on the Junctions beneath them, preventing the creation f classic surface contact. In order to understand the air flow mechanism, let’s observe hypothetically on a metal-on-metal sealing. Each metal plane has its own surface profile with peaks, valleys and defects where air can flow in and find its way out. The probability of perfect sealing – when one plan’s peaks are pressed directly on the other plan’s valleys – aspires to zero. Practically, the metal-metal interface always consist paths that the air can use for its escaping. We refer to that situation as â€Å"use of built in paths†. The reason behind the superiority of rebuttal sealing over the metal-metal one is he elasticity and compliance of the rubber. When pressed on the metal surface, the rubber’s loose strands and even some of the Junctions and regular strands on the rubber surface fill the valleys of the metal. Since the strands are thin compared to the valley, they penetrate the â€Å"built in paths† and force (consider a thick bush in a flowing river). This is the idea behind â€Å"labyrinth† seal -forcing the air to flow in a complicated path in order to reduce pressure leakage. The magnitude of a rubber monomer is about 5 LIVED sail Piston Secondary Valve Figure 2 – the actual setup 2. 3 Preliminary results and Conclusions (t) profile was recorded for different initial pressure differences and rubber deformations. The parameters range is: pop=l [ATM] to 5[ATM], to -0. 2. Preliminary results showed that p(t) graphs were different considerably one form the other for the same initial conditions. It was concluded that the experiment is very sensitive to the rubber gaskets different surface profile over the different specimens. See fig. 4 for details. On the other hand, when repeating the experiment with the same gasket, as long as the experiment is not too long so the rubber won’t behave differently due to service, we get similar graphs (fig. 3). Discussion 3. 1 Air Flow The proposed mechanically model of leakage is based on three phases. Phase I includes placing the rubber gasket and deforming it to the set value h. The process is described in figure 5. The polymer macrostructure is composed of strands and Junctions. According to untangled mechanical models [5], the Junctions (at least, the experiment #2,#7 experiment #2 pressure[ATM] 4 3. 5 3 2. 5 2 Figure 3 – 4 experiments with ZEE%. The graphs are similar, with maximum of 0. 2[ATM] pressure difference. The difference is due to inability to reconstruct the same initial conditions and due to service effects. Oho 1 500 2000 time[sec] Figure 4 – pressure profiles in experiments #2, #7. pop?4. 1 EX-O. 148. -3- Aluminum Figure 5 – gasket compression process angstrom, and the strands are generally shorter than the average polymer length, each strand is formed maximum overall length about 5 micron. See [6] for more information about strands length. However, this is not the end of the story. Recall that the rubber strands are rather flexible, given an energetic air Jet it might deform the strands, move them aside, and create a much more convenient path. Where it is practically impossible in metallic sealing, when rubber-metal is noninsured the air can create its own path and not use the â€Å"built in† paths by default. Of course, the strands are like springs – moving them aside require a transform of the air kinetic energy to potential spring energy. So we stay with this trade-off: creating convenient path where the friction loss is minimal, or maybe use the built in paths with significant friction loss but save the energy of the path creation. The answer will be given by the minimum energy principle. The reasonable assumption is when the pressure p is great, the air is energetic and prefer create a convenient path. As long as p decreases, the path becomes more and more curvy. When p is too small, we cannot talk about paths anymore since the air kinetic energy isn’t high enough. Alternately, the air molecules start percolate on their way out (still in the interface, not in the bulk). Our model won’t deal with that region. Only the regions with flow paths are in our interest. The latter discussion was proved qualitatively. An experiment assuring its results is in its design stages. Phase II of the experiment is the pressure buildup. We open the main valve, letting air to flow from the supply line to the cylinder. The supply line erasure is controlled and thus raising the pressure inside the cylinder. At this phase, air is pumped in and leaks out at the same time but the influx rate is much greater then the leakage rate. When the level of pressure reaches the desired one, and stables, the secondary valve is closed and phase Ill is being executed. In phase Ill, the air flows out through the two planes described in phase I in a manner described above. 3. 2 Rubber Gasket Behavior cylinder, and that pressure acts on the already deformed gasket as it wants to expend it. Due to the normal forces, a friction force (FRR) avoiding the gasket from expending. Beneath is a figure showing the process form the rubber point of view using forces diagram on a vertical section. Let’s assume a standard friction model. After a certain level of pressure is achieved, the friction force FRR reaches its maximum static magnitude, which means that the rubber is entering the dynamic friction stage. While the pressure continue to increase, the rubber starts increasing its average radius, so the radii difference – outer against inner – and the height are decreasing due to incompressibility. Notice that h does not change – the piston is fixed – but the expansion decreases the ignited of the friction force even more. When maximum p is achieved, phase Ill starts. The pressure begins to drop and the rubber enters the static fiction level again. The friction force continues its decrease until finally it changes its direction and grows back to the dynamical level. Afterwards, the rubber begins to decrease its radius -4- until the maximum-static-level friction force is enough to hold the rubber gasket in place. It is more than possible that before releasing the piston, the final average radius is different than the initial. There is also the possibility of small p and a strong enough friction force that succeed in keeping the gasket in place all over the experiment phases. Important conclusion is that the volume which the air fills remains constant at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. That is, the contraction is happening at the middle of the experiment (if present). In order to check the validity of the previous speculative argument, a videotaped experiment was taken. There, one we can see how the rubber expends and contracts with the pressure (in [ATM] at the background), where the movement is in microscope (it was videotaped using a regular camera. The movement is absolutely seen to the naked eye). 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Mid

Washington, DC is the place where it is always interesting to be, to listen to other people conversions, and to enjoy the sights offered to the tourists, and Neighborhood Heritage Trails provides people with a number of magnificent opportunities to understand better the nature of the place and get involved into its rich history. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mid-City at the Crossroads: Shaw Heritage Trail specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I took the Mid-City at the Crossroads: Shaw Heritage Trail for several reasons: my past was closely connected to this place, and my task was to choose the place rich in history. While traveling this trail I recall some places I visited and never knew the history behind it. The stories of African American people serve the basis of the neighborhood as well as inabilities of people of God to get affordable homes, cope with racial inequalities and immigrant challenges. Though our history is rich in magnificent achievements, amazing discoveries, and memorable dates, it is crucially important to remember about the dark side of the way to success and admit the challenges and problems which had to be overcome by ordinary people who built our history. One of the major arguments claimed by the trail creator was about Shaw, a neighborhood built for native citizens and for newcomers to become their home. For a long period of time, this neighborhood was mostly a rural part of the city. The Seventh Street was the first street where the first roads appeared. This street is known as the one that connected many significant parts at the same time: Maryland farms, Pennsylvania Center Market, and Washington docks. Within a short period, the Seventh Street was preoccupied with numerous stores and shops which promoted the market industry and provided various people with the same opportunities to achieve success in life and business. Many doctors and shopkeepers got chance s to live in three-story buildings. These buildings became their homes as well as their business centers. It was convenient, cheap, and effective. However, a number of changes and challenges appeared during the Civil War. Citizens who could not find good job were eager to join the rebellion troops and deserve the place under the sun. Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The brave colonel Robert Gould Shaw tried to achieve justice during the war and help weak and poor people to be respected, still, in his attempt to conquer Fort Wager, he was killed. His image became a holy point in the history and the name for the place, where people tried to win inequality the way Mr. Shaw tried. There are several subjects of the tour, and each piece of the story I heard was an amazing travel to the past where our history and our lives were developed. Still, the most amazing fact that touched my mind and m y soul was the one about the nature of the district I was in. Shaw is always considered as the place between many other places. It was a kind of motto for our trip during which this phrase was supported many times. There are several proofs for the chosen argument, and almost all of them are connected with our history: black people got chances to live in accordance with their own principles and interests in the chosen district; a number of migrants were able to find protection in this place. When I passed through such places like Feker Sound, Lettie Gooch Boutique, or Wagtime Pet Spa, I cannot help but wonder how people tried to survive on these streets many years ago, prove that they were always worth of being the members of the chosen society, and win the Civil War that cause so many unjustified deaths. Being a place between places, Shaw served as the Metro station during the Civil War. Shiloh Baptist Church was the place where free blacks were able to find safe protection. In sp ite of the fact that the churched was destroyed several times, human desire and abilities helped to rebuild and save the building for a long period of time. To get prepared for the trail around the Shaw neighborhood, the class has been reading over the material so I decided to take a look for myself. After the Civil War, there were still a number of events and challenges which proved a true nature of the place with its attempts to fight inequality and injustice. Carter Woodson was one of the brightest figures at the beginning of the 1900s. Still, there were no explanations of why Woodson made a decision to devote the rest of his life to historical researches and the place of black people in American history during the tour, I know a lot about the activities of this man. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mid-City at the Crossroads: Shaw Heritage Trail specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, the author of the trail leaves some issues which, in my opinion, remain to be of critical importance for the tour. I was also deeply touched with the story about Martin Luther King and his assassination that had a considerable impact on people and the neighborhood. When the news that Dr. King was killed spread, so many people gathered around the 14th, U streets, H, and Seventh Streets. On the vast majority of the streets of the district, people started their protests to close various businesses and stop activities to honor the life of this amazing influential person. In Stokely Carmichael’s mind what he was doing was beneficial for him and the black race. It would have never gotten out hand if the hatred wasn’t in people’s minds and heart. The trail is properly laid out, and it was not very difficult to navigate the tour. There are 17 historical points which have to be visited, and the chosen tour is organized in the way that it is not only easy to follow but always inte resting to find and forecast what kind of story could be presented. I truly believe that such types of tours like I managed to visit turn out to be rather helpful for people to learn about history. Mid-City at the Crossroads: Shaw Heritage Trail is a good lesson to remember for a long period of time and to understand how rich and memorable American history is and how devoted people of any race, culture, and age could be. This essay on Mid-City at the Crossroads: Shaw Heritage Trail was written and submitted by user Damar1s to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ian Brady and Myra Hindley and the Moors Murders

Ian Brady and Myra Hindley and the Moors Murders In the 1960s, Ian Brady and his girlfriend, Myra Hindley, sexually abused and murdered young children and teens, then buried their bodies along the Saddleworth Moor, in what became known as the Moors Murders. Ian Bradys Childhood Years Ian Brady (birth name, Ian Duncan Stewart) was born on January 2, 1938, in Glasgow, Scotland. His mother, Peggy Stewart, was a 28-year-old single mother who worked as a waitress. His fathers identity is unknown. Unable to afford proper care for her son, Brady was placed in the care of Mary and John Sloan when he was four months old. Stewart continued to visit her son until he was 12, although she did not tell him she was his mother. Brady was a troublesome child and prone to throwing angry tantrums. The Sloans had four other children, and despite their efforts to make Brady feel he was part of their family, he remained distant and was unable to engage with others. A Troubled Teen Early on, despite his disciplinary problems, Brady demonstrated an above average intelligence. At age 12, he was accepted to Shawlands Academy in Glasgow, which was a secondary school for above-average students. Known for its pluralism, the academy offered Brady and environment, where despite his background, he could blend in with the multicultural and diverse student population. Brady was smart, but his laziness shadowed his academic success. He continued to detach himself from his peers and the normal activities of his age group. The only subject that seemed to captivate his interest was World War II. He became enthralled by the human atrocities that took place in Nazi Germany.   A Criminal Emerges By age 15, Brady had been to juvenile court twice for petty burglary. Forced to leave Shawlands Academy, he began working at a Govan shipyard. Within a year, he was arrested again for a series of small crimes, including threatening his girlfriend with a knife. To avoid being sent to a reform school, the courts agreed to place Brady on probation, but with the condition that he go and live with his birth mother. At the time, Peggy Stewart and her new husband Patrick Brady lived in Manchester. Brady moved in with the couple and took on his step-fathers name in an effort to solidify the feeling of being part of a family unit. Patrick worked as a fruit merchant and he helped Brady find a job at the Smithfield Market. For Brady, it was his chance to start a new life, but it did not last long. Brady remained a loner. His interest in sadism intensified by reading books on torture and sadomasochism, particularly the writings of Friedrich Nietzsche and Marquis de Sade. Within a year, he was arrested again for theft and sentenced to two years in a reformatory. No longer interested in making a legitimate living, he used the time of his incarceration to educate himself about crime.   Brady and Myra Hindley Brady was released from the reformatory in November 1957 and he moved back to his mothers home in Manchester. He had various labor-intensive jobs, all of which he hated. Deciding he needed a desk job, he taught himself bookkeeping with training manuals he obtained from the public library. At age 20, he got an entry-level bookkeeping job at Millwards Merchandising in Gorton. Brady was a reliable, yet a fairly unremarkable employee. Other than being known for having a bad temper, not much office chatter was spilled in his direction, with one exception. One of the secretaries, 20-year-old Myra Hindley, had a deep crush on him and tried various ways to get his attention. He responded to her much like he did everyone around him disinterested, detached and somewhat superior. After a year of being a relentless flirt, Myra finally got Brady to notice her and he asked her out on a date. From that point on, the two were inseparable. Myra Hindley Myra Hindley was raised in an impoverished home with abusive parents. Her father was an ex-military alcoholic and tough disciplinarian. He believed in an eye-for-an-eye and at an early age taught Hindley how to fight. To win her fathers approval, which she desperately wanted, she would physically confront the male bullies at school, often leaving them bruised and with swollen eyes. As Hindley got older she seemed to break the mold and she gained a reputation as being a somewhat shy and reserved young woman. At the age of 16, she began taking instructions for her formal reception into the Catholic Church and had her first communion in 1958. Friends and neighbors described Hindley as being reliable, good and trustworthy. The Relationship It took just one date for Brady and Hindley to realize that they were soul mates. In their relationship, Brady took the role of the teacher and Hindley was the  dutiful student. Together they would read Nietzsche, Mein Kampf and de Sade. They spent hours watching x-rated movies and looking at pornographic magazines. Hindley quit attending church services when Brady told her there was no God. Brady was Hindleys first lover and she was often left to tend to her bruises and bite marks that came during their lovemaking sessions. He would occasionally drug her, then pose her body in various pornographic positions and take pictures that he would then share with her later. Hindley became fixated on being Aryan and dyed her hair blonde. She changed her style of clothing based on Bradys desires. She distanced herself from friends and family and often avoided answering questions about her relationship with Brady. As Bradys control over Hindley increased, so did his outrages demands, which she would make every effort to satisfy without question. For Brady, it meant he had found a partner who was willing to venture into a sadistic, macabre world where rape and murder was the ultimate pleasure. For Hindley it meant experiencing pleasure from their perverse and brutal world, yet avoiding the guilt for those desires since she was under Bradys control. July 12, 1963 Pauline Reade, age 16, was walking down the street at around 8 p.m. when Hindley pulled over in a van she was driving and asked her to help her find a glove that she had lost. Reade was friends with Hindleys younger sister and agreed to help. According to Hindley, she drove to the Saddleworth Moor and Brady met the two shortly afterward. He took Reade onto the moor where he beat, raped and murdered her by slashing her throat, and then together they buried the body.  According to Brady, Hindley participated in the sexual assault. November 23, 1963 John Kilbride, age 12, was at a market in Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, when he accepted a ride home from Brady and Hindley. They took him to the moor where Brady raped then strangled the boy to death. June 16, 1964 Keith Bennett, age 12, was walking to his grandmothers house when Hindley approached him and asked for his help in loading boxes into her truck, and where Brady was waiting. They offered to drive the boy to his grandmothers house, but instead they took him to Saddleworth Moor where Brady led him to a gully, then raped, beat and strangled him to death, then buried him. December 26, 1964 Lesley Ann Downey, age 10, was celebrating Boxing Day at the fairgrounds when Hindley and Brady approached her and asked her to help them load packages into their car and then into their house. Once inside the house, the couple undressed and gagged the child, forced her to pose for pictures, then raped and strangled her to death. The following day they buried her body on the moors. Maureen and David Smith Hindleys younger sister Maureen and her husband David Smith started hanging around with Hindley and Brady, especially after they moved close to one another. Smith was no stranger to crime and he and Brady would often talk about how they could rob banks together. Smith also admired Bradys political knowledge and Brady enjoyed the attention. He took on the role of mentor and would read Smith passages of Mein Kampf  much as he had with Myra when they first began dating. Unknown to Smith, Bradys real intentions went beyond feeding the younger mans intellect. He was actually priming Smith so that he would eventually participate in the couples ghastly crimes. As it turned out, Bradys belief that he could manipulate Smith into becoming a willing partner was dead wrong. October 6, 1965 Edward Evans, age 17, was lured from Manchester Central to Hindley and Bradys home with the promise of relaxation and wine. Brady had seen Evans before in a gay bar he had cruised looking for victims. Introducing Hindley as his sister, the three drove to Hindley and Bradys home, which would ultimately become the scene of where Evans would suffer a horrific death. A Witness Comes Forward In the early morning hours of October 7, 1965, David Smith, armed with a kitchen knife, walked to a public phone and called the police station to report a murder that he had witnessed earlier in the evening.   He told the officer on duty that he was in Hindley and Bradys home when he saw Brady attack a young man with an ax, repeatedly striking him while the man screamed in agony. Shocked and frightened that he would become their next victim, Smith helped the couple clean up the blood, then wrapped the victim in a sheet and placed it in an upstairs bedroom. He then promised to return the next evening to help them dispose of the body. The Evidence Within hours of Smiths call, the police searched the Brady home and found Evans body. Under interrogation, Brady insisted that he and Evans got into a fight and that he and Smith murdered Evans and that Hindley was not involved. Brady was arrested for murder and Hindley was arrested four days later as an accessory to murder. Pictures Dont Lie David Smith told the investigators that Brady had stuffed items into a suitcase, but that he did not know where it was hidden. He suggested that maybe it was at the railway station. The police searched the lockers at Manchester Central and found the suitcase which contained pornographic pictures of a young girl and a tape recording of her screaming for help. The girl in the pictures and on the tape was identified as Lesley Ann Downey. The name, John Kilbride, was also found written in a book. There were several hundred pictures in the couples home, including several taken on Saddleworth Moor. Suspecting that the couple had been involved in some of the cases of missing children, a search party of the moors was organized. During the search, the bodies of Lesley Ann Downey and John Kilbride were found. Trial and Sentencing Brady was charged with murdering Edward Evans, John Kilbride, and Lesley Ann Downey. Hindley was charged with murdering Edward Evans and Lesley Ann Downey, and for harboring Brady after she knew he had killed John Kilbride. Both Brady and Hindley pleaded not guilty. David Smith was the prosecutors number one witness until it was discovered that he had entered into a monetary agreement with a newspaper for the exclusive rights to his story if the couple was found guilty. Prior to the trial, the newspaper had paid for the Smiths to go on a trip to France and provided them with a weekly income. They also paid for Smith to stay in a five-star hotel during the trial. Under duress, Smith finally disclosed the News of the World as the newspaper. On the witness stand, Brady admitted to hitting Evans with the ax, but not doing it with the intention of murdering him.   After listening to the tape recording of Lesley Ann Downey and clearly hearing the voices of Brady and Hindley in the background, Hindley admitted that she was brusque and cruel in her treatment of the child because she was afraid that someone might hear her screams. As to the other crimes committed on the child, Hindley claimed to be in another room or looking out of the window. On May 6, 1966, the jury took two hours of deliberation before returning a verdict of guilty of all charges for both Brady and Hindley.  Brady was sentenced to three terms of life imprisonment and Hindley received two life sentences and a concurrent seven-year sentence. Later Confessions and Discoveries After spending almost 20 years in prison, Brady allegedly confessed to the murders of Pauline Reade and Keith Bennett, while he was being interviewed by a newspaper journalist. Based on that information, the police reopened their investigation, but when they went to interview Brady he was described as scornful and uncooperative. In November 1986, Hindley received a letter from Winnie Johnson, Keith Bennetts mother, in which she begged Hindley to give her any information about what happened to her son. As a result, Hindley agreed to look at photos and maps to identify places she had been with Brady. Later Hindley was taken to Saddleworth Moor but was unable to identify anything that helped the investigation of the missing children. On February 10, 1987, Hindley made a taped confession to her involvement in the murders of Pauline Reade, John Kilbride, Keith Bennett, Lesley Ann Downey, and Edward Evans. She did not confess to being present during the actual murders of any of the victims. When Brady was told of Hindleys confession he did not believe it.  But once he was given details that only he and Hindley knew, he knew that she had confessed. He also agreed to confess, but with a condition that could not be met, which was a way to kill himself after confessing. Hindley again visited the moor in March 1987, and although she was able to confirm that the area that was being searched was on target, she could not identify the exact locations of where the children were buried. On July 1, 1987, Pauline Reades body was found buried in a shallow grave, close to where Brady had buried Lesley Ann Downey.   Two days later, Brady was taken to the moor but claimed that the landscape had changed too much and he was unable to help in the search for Keith Bennetts body. The following month the search was called off indefinitely.   Aftermath Ian Brady spent the first 19 years of his incarceration at Durham Prison. In November 1985, he was moved to the Ashworth Psychiatric Hospital after being diagnosed as a paranoid schizophrenic. Myra Hindley suffered a brain aneurysm in 1999 and died in prison on November 15, 2002, from complications brought on by heart disease. Reportedly, over 20 undertakers refused to cremate her remains. The case of Brady and Hindley is considered one of the most grisly serial crimes in Great Britain history.

Red, White and Blue Electrolysis Chemistry Demonstration

Red, White and Blue Electrolysis Chemistry Demonstration Here is a perfect electrochemistry chem demo for the 4th of July or other patriotic holiday. Use salt bridges to connect three beakers of liquids (clear, red, clear). Apply a voltage and watch the solutions turn red, white and blue. Patriotic Colors Electrolysis Demo Materials 500 mL 1M potassium nitrate, KNO3 (make this)1 mL thymolphthalein indicator solution (make this)2 mL phenolphthalein solutionapproximately 2 mL 0.1M sodium hydroxide, NaOH (make this)approximately 1 mL 0.1M sulfuric acid, H2SO4 (make this)3 250-mL beakers3 8-mm x 200-mm carbon rods25-cm uninsulated 14-ga copper wire10-cm rubber tubing, approximately 5-mm outside diameter#6 rubber stopper, 1-hole2 U-tubes, 100-mm, 13-mm outside diameter4 cotton balls3 20-cm glass stirring rodsadjustable DC power supply that can produc 1 amp at 10 volts (e.g., automotive battery charger)clip leads Prepare the Red, White, and Blue Demonstration Pour 150 mL of 1.0M KNO3 into each of the three beakers.Line the beakers up in a row. Place a carbon electrode in each beaker.Wrap one end of the copper wire around one the carbon electrodes at the end of the row. Slip rubber tubing over the copper wire to cover the exposed wire that will be between the electrodes. Wrap the other end of the copper wire around the third carbon electrode, at the end of the row of beakers. Skip the center carbon rod and be sure no exposed copper touches it.Fill the two U-tubes with 1M KNO3 solution. Plug the ends of each tube with cotton balls. Invert one of the U-tubes and hang it over the rim of the left and center beaker. The arms of the U-tube should be immersed in the liquid. Repeat the procedure with the second U-tube and the center and right beakers. There should not be an air bubble in either U-tube. If there is, remove the tube and re-fill it with KNO3 solution.Place a glass stirring rod in each beaker.Make certain the power supply is off and t hen connect the positive () terminal to the central carbon electrode and the negative (-) terminal to one of the outer carbon electrodes. Add 1 mL of thymolphthalein solution to the beaker on the right and 1 mL of phenolphthalein indicator to each of the other two beakers.Add 1 mL of 0.1M NaOH solution to the middle beaker. Stir the contents of each beaker. From left to right, the solutions should be: clear, red, clear.These solutions may be stored in sealed containers and may be re-used to repeat the demonstration. If the colors become faint, more indicator solution may be added. Perform the Demonstration Turn on the power supply. Adjust it to 10 volts.Wait 15 minutes. Turn off the power supply and stir each solution.At this point, the solutions should now appear red, colorless and blue. You may wish to place a white sheet of paper or posterboard behind the beakers to display the colors. Also, this makes the center beaker appear white.You can return the solutions to their original colors by reversing the connections to the power supply adjusting it to 10 volts, and allowing 20 minutes before turning off the power and stirring the solutions.Another way to return the solutions to their original colors is to add 0.1 M H2SO4 to the beakers on the end until the liquids turn colorless. Add 0.1 M NaOH to the middle beaker until the liquid turns from clear to red. Disposal When the demonstration is complete, the solutions may be rinsed down the drain with water. How It Works The chemical reaction in this demonstration is simple electrolysis of water: The color change is a result of the pH shift accompanying electrolysis acting on the pH indicators, which were selected to produce the desired colors. The anode is located in the center beaker, where water is oxidized to produce oxygen gas. Hydrogen ions are produced, decreasing the pH. 2 H2O(l) → O2(g) 4 H(aq) 4 e- Cathodes are located on either side of the anode. In these beakers, water is reduced to form hydrogen gas: 4 H2O(l) 4 e- → 2 H2(g) 4 OH-(aq) The reaction produces hydroxide ions, which increase the pH. Other Patriotic Chem Demos Red, White and Blue Density ColumnColored Fireworks DemonstrationFireworks in a Glass - Safe Demo for Kids References B. Z. Shakhashiri, 1992, Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, vol. 4, pp. 170-173.R. C. Weast, Ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 66th ed., p. D-148, CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL (1985).

Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Case - Essay Example Employee benefit center and physician. Both groups should correspond with each other in order to achieve the utmost goal. For the optimization of good customer service both groups should communicate and set their budgets to accommodate the patients in best manner. Staff of Dr. Martin’s office must modify their way of communicating with their customers and deal them in more friendly way. They should reshape their service structure in order to increase productivity. The first ethical issue is that Doctor (Martin) knew which medical service is best for his patients and if he is busy he must refer his patients to other doctor but instead of referring professor to health care service betty (nurse of Dr. Martin) told him that doctor would not refer him to any other doctor but emergency room. The nurse without the checkup of professor prescribed him a medicine to get from pharmacy, which doesn’t help him much. The health condition of professor may worsen if he had not visited Healthcare

Types of Risk Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Types of Risk - Assignment Example Even though, these value risk models are utilized to quantify risks in the market but there are few limitations that are addressed using stress tests that study the movements of the market on hypothetical grounds (Yufeng, 2011). Supply chains have the aim to increase productivity, ensure cost effective practices and fulfill demands of the markets. However, there are many risks that may disrupt their working thus, in order to manage the risks involved the first step into place them into supply chain risk management (SCRM) (Tummala & Schoenherr, 2011). This would enable them to identify the operations, resources and the sources through which information inflows and outflows, through co-citation analysis. The changing interest are identified in SCRM and then tools such as Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) can be used appropriately in SCRM. Moreover, pricing policies and analysis tools can examine the risks involved in supply chain that help manage supply chain risks in an effective way(Nurmaya, 2012). Credit risk is the kind of risk associated with market and customers. This risk arises when a business feels that borrowers might not pay their debt on time or due date. Thus, in this regard, credit can be managed by setting credits limit. The limits of credits are based on credit ratings. Likewise, funding or liquidity risk occurs when there is the risk that a person is not able to meet his obligations to provide loan commitments. The techniques associated with mitigating funding technique are holding liquid assets, securitizations, creating contingency plans, portfolio management techniques, having extensive databases on defaults and having credit insurance products. Due to increasing number of credit related losses, companies require new analytical solutions to make improvements in their databases

Should Plea Bargaining be Abolished? Essay -- Pros and Cons of Plea Ba

Being a citizen of the United States comes with advantages that no other country can match. We are granted rights and privileges just for being born within our borders. Others can also gain these rights by adopting our way of life and swearing to uphold its values. Being a citizen or not, we are expected to obey laws that the U.S. Government has put in place to maintain order and balance. When we don’t obey these laws the government has the right to punish us. Luckily for us, our Bill of Rights has even granted us rights until proven guilty. It gives us rights to a fair and speedy trial as well as the right to representation during trial. So many rights and procedures have come about since the birth of our nation. We are constantly making new rules to help uphold the old rules and deciding if the old rules still apply. One practice that has been used during trial has no mention in the Bill of Rights, but has been held as constitutional is plea-bargaining.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The plea bargain was a tool rarely used before the 19th century in prosecution. â€Å"In America, it can be traced almost to the very emergence of public prosecution, although not exclusive to the U.S., developed earlier and more broadly here than most places.† Plea-bargaining was limited because judges controlled most sentencing. Judges did not appreciate the workload relief until personal injury cases skyrocketed during the industrial era.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A plea bargain can be defined as, â€Å"a negotiation between the defendant and his attorney on one side and the prosecutor on the other, in which the defendant agrees to plead â€Å"guilty† or â€Å"no contest† to some crimes, in return for reduction of the severity of the charges, dismissal of some of the charges, the prosecutor’s willingness to recommend a particular sentence or some other benefit to the defendant. Sometimes one element of the bargain is that the defendant reveal information such as location of stolen goods, names of others participating in the crime or admission of other crimes. The judge must agree to the result of the plea bargain before accepting the plea. If he does not, then the bargain is cancelled.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One could wonder why plea bargains are even made. One reason would be that criminal courts are becoming clogged and overcrowded. Going through the proper procedure and processes that we are granted takes time. Trials can take anywhere from days to... ...caseloads, and more often than most realize they may plea-bargain a case that in fact should be prosecuted. I have no intentions of trying to judge their actions, simply because I truly appreciate the position they are in.† Bibliography ABA Division for Public Education: Steps in a Trial: Plea Bargaining. Sept. 25, 2004 http://www.abanet.org/publiced/courts/pleabargaining.html CNN.com - Ashcroft's new charging, plea bargaining, and sentencing Oct. 3, 2003 http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/10/03/findlaw.analysis.lazarus.ashcroft/ Defendants' Incentives for Accepting Plea Bargains. Sept. 25, 2004 http://www.nolo.com/lawcenter/ency/article. Ellis, Michael. â€Å"Message no. 5921.† Sept. 11, 2004 http://www.saintleodl.eduprise.com Plea Bargain. Sept. 25, 2004 http://dictionary.law.com/definition2. Plea Bargaining Sept. 29, 2002. http://www.truthinjustice.org/bargaining.htm Plea Bargaining: An Unconstitutional Delegation of Judicial Power. Sept. 25, 2004 http://www.lawmall.com/pleabarg/ Plea Bargaining Nov 24, 1992 http://www.bronxda.net/fcrime/plea.htm Plea Bargains: Why and When They're Made . Sept. 25, 2004 http://www.nolo.com/lawcenter/ency/article

Social Welfare in Australia

Social Welfare in Australia Social security in Australia is a system of social welfare payments provided by the Commonwealth Government of Australia. These payments are administered by the Department of Human Services. Most benefits are subject to a means test.Payments are made to a variety of groups of people; Indigenous students and New Apprentices, age pension, assistance for isolated children (families with a child who lives a fair distance from school), carers, disability support pension, foster families, maternity payment, people who are looking for employment, parenting payment, special benefit (financial hardship) and youth allowance. 7. 1 million Australians were â€Å"customers† of Centrelink, many of which claimed from child care.The payments are paid for through general taxation. In Australia only citizens may claim these benefits. Centrelink is the agency which manages social security. Australia gives out social welfare payments to ensure more equal dispersion of wealth and to assist the lower socio-economic population. In many people’s view in Australia it is the government’s responsibility to look after the less well off, whereas in other countries, for example China, people might rely on their immediate family, for instance to look after the elderly.Australia is the most â€Å"efficient† at reducing inequality of any rich country. In Europe, the United States and Japan, social security is financed by contributions from employers and employees, with benefits related to past earnings, therefore the higher income workers received more generous benefits if they become unemployed, disabled or retire. The rationale for Australia’s approach is that it reduces poverty more efficiently by concentrating the available resources on the poor and minimises adverse incentives. The extent to which the Australian welfare state redistributes to the poor is determined by the interactions between the tax and social security system s, both in terms of the size of taxes collected and the distribution of these taxes. This is calculated by estimating the level of spending on social security benefits as a percentage of household disposable income and then taking account of how much of this goes to the poorest fifth. The same procedure is used to calculate how much tax is paid by people in that group, which is then subtracted from the benefits received to give â€Å"net redistribution to the poor. †1 â€Å"The main objective of social security systems in most countries is to provide insurance against risks like unemployment, disability and sickness, and to redistribute income across the life cycle. †2 There is also the â€Å"Robin Hood† motive; take from the rich and give to the poor, which Australia is a strong example of because our system relies heavily on income testing and directs a higher share of benefits to lower income groups than any other country. Australia has the most â€Å"target efficient† system of social security benefits. Some examples of social security payments given out are:ABSTUDY is the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Study Assistance Scheme and is for Indigenous Australians undergoing some form of study. All Indigenous students at secondary or tertiary institutions and primary students 14 years and older. The student must be of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent and be a current Australian citizen. The Disability Support Pension provides income support for people who suffer a long-term disability which they will not recover from in the next two years, which will determine them unable to work. The average person will receive $385. 0 monthly. The Parenting Payment is for those who are carers of dependent children under the age of 8. These customers are able to collect this payment until their youngest child turns 16. The Parenting Payment uses an individual and a partner income test to determine the rate of payment. Means and a ssets tests are applied to reduce the incidence of welfare fraud and contain social security spending, so as not to â€Å"rip off† the taxpayers. In 2012-2013 the Australian Government contributed $132 million towards social security and welfare, this made up 34. % of total government expenditure. In Australia, welfare is the largest component of public spending and therefore is the main determinant of how much tax income needs to be collected. Bibliography: Wikipedia, Social Security Australia, 2013, http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Social_Security_(Australia), Retrieved 20 February 2013. Whiteford, P. , Inside Story, 2013, http://inside. org. au/how-fair-is-australia’s-welfare-state/, Retrieve 20 February 2013. Riley, T. , 2013, Year 11 Economics, Sydney, Tim Riley Publications.

The Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe - 868 Words

â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe is a Gothic style short story from the mid-1800s. The story focuses on two main characters, Montresor and Fortunato, and a plot for revenge told as a recollection. It is set in Italy during Carnival, which seemed to play a massive role in the murder plot and how it played out. How do the characters and themes within the story accentuate each other? Themes of death and mortality, betrayal, and freedom and confinement help to bring out the intentions of Montresor and Fortunato while creating an overall sense of doom. The death and mortality theme in this short story provides the audience with the overall mood of the work. This theme really helps bring about the ominous mood and tone with the story taking place mostly in the catacombs. In the story, soon after Fortunato and Montresor depart from the Carnival, they made their way down a long and winding staircase with torches to light their way. (Poe, p.109) The catacombs they enter, the torches, and the winding staircase are all crucial components for the story to fall into the Gothic fiction genre. Poe made visualization uncomplicated by providing the reader with such a rich setting, almost as if he wanted the reader to be able to â€Å"feel† the dampness that surrounded Fortunato and Montresor. Another major theme within this work shows itself at the very beginning for Montresor and the end for Fortunato, betrayal. Fortunato had previously insulted Montresor, sparking a fireShow MoreRelatedThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In ?The Cask of Amontillado?, Edgar Allan Poe takes us on a trip into the mind of a mad man. Poe uses certain elements to convey an emotional impact. He utilizes irony, descriptive detail of setting, and dark character traits to create the search of sinful deceit. Poe also uses first person, where the narrator is the protagonist who is deeply involved. The purpose is to get the reader to no longer be the observer. He wants them to see with MontressorRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe836 Words   |  3 Pagesqualities in the story. In the story many things are used as symbols such as the actual cask of amontillado, the trowel, the jester costume and the setting in which there is two in the story. Another literary technique used significantly in the story is irony. Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite. In the short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† Montresor a very troubled man who plans to seek revenge on another man named FortunatoRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 PagesWhat makes Edgar Allan Poe work unique? Other than being a strange individual, Poe has become a remarkable literature writer. The Raven, Annabel Lee, and The Cask of Amontillado are just a few of Poe’s work that staples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elementsRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe906 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† was written in 1846, by Edgar Allan Poe. Born in 1809, Poe never knew any of his parents. At the age of three, his mother died of tuberculosis, and his father deserted the family before he was born. Taking care of him was his foster parents in Richmond, Virginia. They loved Poe, but were not supportive of his decisions and kept Poe poor. Having debt and not being able to provide food and clothes for himself caused Poe to quit school. Later, heRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe920 Words   |  4 Pageswhen that trust no longer exists? In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe, Fortunato is about to find the answer to this question. On the surface, Montresor seems friendly with Fortunato, but deep down he feels nothing but hate for him. Could this hatred have an irrationality that only Montresor understands? In different ways, both of these men are proud and affluent, yet both have downfalls that will l ead to a tragic ending. Edgar Allan Poe’s use of language contributes to the understandingRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1555 Words   |  7 PagesIn his writing, Edgar Allan Poe has multiple uses of direct and indirect characterization. In The Cask of Amontillado, Montresor had rules such as â€Å"I must not only punish but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong† (Poe, 2). Poe used indirect characterization to show the reader that Montresor is an unreliable narrator because he justified hisRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1303 Words   |  6 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† the narrator recalls an extremely significant time in his life, and takes the reader along with him. Throughout the story, one experiences a perfectly planned murder which took place over fifty years ago, and still no one has discovered what truly happened to poor Fortunato as he was chained to a wall in a room that was then closed off, and torched to death due to all the nitre in the walls. As the story goes on, the reader can see some of Poe’s unfortunateRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story, The Cask of Amontillado, written by Edgar Allan Poe is a story of terror and betrayal. Like many of Poe’s literary works, the story has a dark undertone with a theme of terror and depression. More than half a century ago, Marshall McLuhan argued that though Poe was fascinated by evil, the evil that he had in mind was not that of Calvinism, but that of the split man and the split civilization. In general, McLuhan was right, but in this instance Calvinism, and its God, provided a darkRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe707 Words   |  3 PagesIn the short story of The Ca sk of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe writes in first person point of view from the perspective of Montresor who seeks revenge against Fortunato. Montresor began to develop the perfect plan for revenge. During the carnival season, Montresor meets with Fortunato and decides to implement his plan carefully through irony. Poe s story describes the murderer s mind which has lived as a memory of Fortunato s death for fifty years. Poe uses different types of irony and symbolismRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe985 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is a well known author of short stories and poetry from the 19th century. He is known especially for his stories of horror and suspense. The Cask of Amontillado is one of his more famous pieces. The story follows the narrator, Montresor, as he exacts revenge on Fortunato. Montressor draws Fortunato into the wine cellar where eventually he chains Fortunato to the wall and encloses him inside it. Throughout the story the narrator continually proves that he is not the most reliable source